目录CDB的管理1.当前容器2.修改CDB的参数3.修改PDB的参数1.使用ALTER DATABASE 命令修改CDB的参数2.使用ALTER DATABASE命令修改CDB的UNDO模式4.CDB和PDB参数保存位置说明CDB Fleet特性配置CDB FLEET环境管理PDB
通过SYS_CONTEXT命令来查看，
col con_id format a10
col con_name format a20
select sys_context(‘userenv’,’con_id’) as con_id,sys_context(‘userenv’,’con_name’) as
con_name from dual;
通过show 命令
[oracle@oracle-db-19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 – Production on Wed Nov 30 11:07:06 2022
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 – Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> col con_id format a10
SQL> col con_name format a20
SQL> select sys_context(‘userenv’,’con_id’) as con_id,sys_context(‘userenv’,’con_name’) as con_name from dual;
CON_ID CON_NAME
———- ——————–
1 CDB$ROOT
SQL>
SQL> show con_name;
CON_NAME
——————————
CDB$ROOT
SQL>
SQL> show pdbs;
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
———- —————————— ———- ———-
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
4 PDB2 MOUNTED
5 CNDBAPDB MOUNTED
6 CNDBAPDB3 MOUNTED
7 CNDBAPDB2 MOUNTED
8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH READ ONLY NO
SQL> alter session set container=PDB1;
Session altered.
SQL> show user;
USER is “SYS”
SQL> show con_name;
CON_NAME
——————————
PDB1
SQL>
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 – Production on Wed Nov 30 11:07:06 2022
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 – Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> col con_id format a10
SQL> col con_name format a20
SQL> select sys_context(‘userenv’,’con_id’) as con_id,sys_context(‘userenv’,’con_name’) as con_name from dual;
CON_ID CON_NAME
———- ——————–
1 CDB$ROOT
SQL>
SQL> show con_name;
CON_NAME
——————————
CDB$ROOT
SQL>
SQL> show pdbs;
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
———- —————————— ———- ———-
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
4 PDB2 MOUNTED
5 CNDBAPDB MOUNTED
6 CNDBAPDB3 MOUNTED
7 CNDBAPDB2 MOUNTED
8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH READ ONLY NO
SQL> alter session set container=PDB1;
Session altered.
SQL> show user;
USER is “SYS”
SQL> show con_name;
CON_NAME
——————————
PDB1
SQL>
[oracle@oracle-db-19c ~]$
[oracle@oracle-db-19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 – Production on Wed Nov 30 11:26:54 2022
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 – Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> col name for a20
SQL> select con_id,name,ispdb_modifiable from v$system_parameter where name=’open_cursors’;
CON_ID NAME ISPDB
———- ——————– —–
0 open_cursors TRUE
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> show parameter open_cursors;
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
open_cursors integer 300
SQL> alter system set open_cursors=301;
System altered.
SQL> show parameter open_cursors;
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
open_cursors integer 301
SQL> alter session set container=PDB1;
Session altered.
SQL> show parameter open_cursors;
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
open_cursors integer 301
SQL>
[oracle@oracle-db-19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 – Production on Wed Nov 30 11:26:54 2022
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 – Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> col name for a20
SQL> select con_id,name,ispdb_modifiable from v$system_parameter where name=’open_cursors’;
CON_ID NAME ISPDB
———- ——————– —–
0 open_cursors TRUE
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> show parameter open_cursors;
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
open_cursors integer 300
SQL> alter system set open_cursors=301;
System altered.
SQL> show parameter open_cursors;
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
open_cursors integer 301
SQL> alter session set container=PDB1;
Session altered.
SQL> show parameter open_cursors;
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
open_cursors integer 301
SQL>
1.使用ALTER DATABASE 命令修改CDB的参数
以公共用户身份连接到CDB root,可以通过ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE 语句来修改PDB的相关配置也可以直接连接到PDB中，通过ALTER DATABASE 语句来修改相关配置。
(1) 修改CDB。当公共用户连接的是CDB root时，通过ALTER DATABASE 命令执行如下语句会修改整个CDB.
startup/recovery/logfile/controlfile/standbydatabase/instance/security/RENAME/GLOBAL_NAME/ENABLE LOCK CHANGE TRACKING/DISABLE LOCK CHANGE TRACKING
(2) 只修改CDB root 。当公共用户连接的是CDB root时，通过ALTER DATABASE 命令执行如下语句只修改CDB root
datafile/DEFAULT EDITION/DEFAULT TABLESPACE/ DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE
(3) 修改一个或多个PDB。公共用户连接到CDB root时，可以通过ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE 语句修改PDB的打开状态（MOUNT/READ ONLY/READ WRITE）,以及保存/忽略PDB的打开状态。
2.使用ALTER DATABASE命令修改CDB的UNDO模式
[oracle@oracle-db-19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 – Production on Wed Nov 30 13:39:46 2022
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 – Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> show user;
USER is “SYS”
SQL> show con_name;
CON_NAME
——————————
CDB$ROOT
SQL> col property_name for a30;
SQL> col property_value for a20;
SQL> select property_name,property_value from database_properties where property_name=’LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED’;
PROPERTY_NAME PROPERTY_VALUE
—————————— ——————–
LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED TRUE
SQL>
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 – Production on Wed Nov 30 13:39:46 2022
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 – Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> show user;
USER is “SYS”
SQL> show con_name;
CON_NAME
——————————
CDB$ROOT
SQL> col property_name for a30;
SQL> col property_value for a20;
SQL> select property_name,property_value from database_properties where property_name=’LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED’;
PROPERTY_NAME PROPERTY_VALUE
—————————— ——————–
LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED TRUE
SQL>
TRUE代表本地UNDO模式，FLASE代表共享UNDO模式。
（2）共享UNDO模式转换为本地UNDO模式的步骤如下：
关闭CDB，代码如下
shutdown immediate;
以UPGRADE方式启动CDB，代码如下：
STARTUP UPGRADE;
确认当前容器是CDB root,代码如下：
show con_name;
启动本地UNDO，代码
ALTER DATABASE LOCAL UNDO ON;
重启 CDB，正常打开，
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;STARTUP;
(3) 本地UNDO模式转换为共享UNDO模式的步骤如下：
关闭CDB
shutdown immediate
以UPGRADE方式启动CDB，
STARTUP UPGRADE;
确认当前容器是CDB root，
SHOW CON_NAME
禁用本地UNDO
ALTER DATABASE LOCAL UNDO OFF
重启CDB,正常打开，
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;STARTUP;
# CDB
SQL>
SQL> show con_name;
CON_NAME
——————————
CDB$ROOT
SQL> show parameter spfile;
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0
/dbhome_1/dbs/spfilecdb1.ora
SQL>
SQL> alter session set container=PDB1;
Session altered.
SQL> show parameter spfile;
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0
/dbhome_1/dbs/spfilecdb1.ora
SQL> alter session set container=cdb$root;
Session altered.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> show con_name;
CON_NAME
——————————
CDB$ROOT
SQL> show parameter spfile;
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0
/dbhome_1/dbs/spfilecdb1.ora
SQL>
SQL> alter session set container=PDB1;
Session altered.
SQL> show parameter spfile;
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0
/dbhome_1/dbs/spfilecdb1.ora
SQL> alter session set container=cdb$root;
Session altered.
SQL>
Fleet就是一个逻辑的CDB集合。其中，Lead CDB 是CDB Fleet中用于监控和管理其它CDB的。
在CDB Fleet中，可以通过以下方式来访问CDB和PDB中的数据：
CDB视图GV$视图CONTAINERS子句容器映射
1.设置Lead CDB ,通过以下命令启动该特性：
# 启动 LEAD CDB
SQL>
SQL> alter database set lead_cdb=true;
Database altered.
SQL> select property_value from database_properties where property_name=’LEAD_CDB’;
PROPERTY_VALUE
——————–
TRUE
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> alter database set lead_cdb=true;
Database altered.
SQL> select property_value from database_properties where property_name=’LEAD_CDB’;
PROPERTY_VALUE
——————–
TRUE
SQL>
管理PDB和管理普通的Non-CDB一样，可以管理表空间、数据文件、临时文件和用户对象等。
启动和关闭CDB修改CDB管理以下组件：进程、内存、错误和告警信息、诊断数据、控制文件、在线redo日志、归档日志、UNDO模式。创建、插入、拔出和删除PDB。
在系统级别修改PDB
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