PostgreSQL实时查看数据库实例正在执行的SQL语句实例详解（Post sth on）这都可以？

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目录一、查询当前正在执行所有SQL语句二、判断是否存在慢查询语句三、按查询进程，杀掉慢查询释放资源四、扩展query的显示长度能展示出全部语句五、杀掉某个数据库的所有数据库连接六、导出数据库某个表七、shell脚本自动导入按表八、shell脚本执行postgre的sql语句九、导出导入整个数据库十、切换数据库存储路径迁移data目录十一、安装PostGIS插件十二、安装uuid-ossp插件总结

SELECT
pid,
datname,
usename,
client_addr,
application_name,
STATE,
backend_start,
xact_start,
xact_stay,
query_start,
query_stay,
REPLACE ( query, chr( 10 ), ‘ ‘ ) AS query
FROM
(
SELECT
pgsa.pid AS pid,
pgsa.datname AS datname,
pgsa.usename AS usename,
pgsa.client_addr client_addr,
pgsa.application_name AS application_name,
pgsa.STATE AS STATE,
pgsa.backend_start AS backend_start,
pgsa.xact_start AS xact_start,
EXTRACT ( epoch FROM ( now( ) – pgsa.xact_start ) ) AS xact_stay,
pgsa.query_start AS query_start,
EXTRACT ( epoch FROM ( now( ) – pgsa.query_start ) ) AS query_stay,
pgsa.query AS query
FROM
pg_stat_activity AS pgsa
WHERE
pgsa.STATE !=’idle’
AND pgsa.STATE !=’idle in transaction’
AND pgsa.STATE !=’idle in transaction (aborted)’
) idleconnections
ORDER BY
query_stay DESC

字段解释PID数据库查询进程IDquery_stay查询时长秒query查询SQL语句

SELECT pg_terminate_backend(PID);
SELECT pg_terminate_backend(6289);

vi /var/lib/pgsql/12/data/postgresql.conf

修改track_activity_query_size的值重启数据库服务

SELECT pg_terminate_backend(pg_stat_activity.pid)FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE datname=’数据库名称’ AND pid<>pg_backend_pid();

pg_dump -t 某个表名 “host=192.168.16.31 port=18921 user=postgres password=数据库密码 dbname=数据库” -f /app/zjfbeifen/1.sql

touch insert_sql.sh

#!/bin/bash
. /etc/profile
. ~/.bash_profile
export PATH=/usr/pgsql-12/bin:/usr/bin;
export PGPASSWORD=数据库密码;psql -U postgres -d 数据库名称 < /mnt/nas/bak-06/1.sql;

指定postgres用户执行导入某个表的语句，免密执行shell脚本touch nasen_insert.sql

#!/bin/sh
source /etc/profile
PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH
echo ‘task_start’
runuser – postgres -g postgres -c “sh /data/test/insert_sql.sh”
echo ‘task_finish’

定时器配置

00 10 * * * /usr/bin/sh /data/test/insert_nasen.sh >>/data/test/insert_nasen.log

touch drop01.sql

#删除某个表SQL语句

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS public.test;

touch drop.sh

#!/bin/bash
. /etc/profile
. ~/.bash_profile
export PATH=/usr/pgsql-12/bin:/usr/bin;
#su postgres
export PGPASSWORD=123456;psql -U postgres -d 数据库名称 < /data/test/drop01.sql;

touch nasen_drop.sh

#!/bin/bash
source /etc/profile
PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH

echo ‘task_start’
runuser – postgres -g postgres -c “sh /data/test/drop.sh”
echo ‘task_finish’

定时器调用

00 9 * * * /usr/bin/sh /data/test/drop_nasen.sh >>/data/test/drop_nasen.log

备份导出整个数据库

pg_dump -h localhost -U postgres -d riskDataCheck -Fc -f /soft/backup/20220321/test-0321.dump

导入某个数据库

pg_restore -h localhost -U postgres -d risk_agcloud_430000_1 /soft/backup/test-0321.dump

步骤1：创建新data目录

sudo mkdir /home/data

sudo chown -R postgres:postgres data

sudo chmod 700 data

步骤2：关闭数据库服务

systemctl stop postgresql-12

步骤3：执行复制

cp -rf /var/lib/pgsql/12/data/* /home/data #这个路径是默认的在线安装postgresql12.11默认路径

sudo chown -R postgres:postgres data #加这句是因为复制过来有的时候归属是ROOT用户，应该是postgres用户才对！

步骤4：修改服务配置文件

cd /usr/lib/systemd/system

vi postgresql-12.service #默认的在线安装postgresql12.11服务名称

Environment=PGDATA=/home/data

步骤5：重新加载服务配置

systemctl daemon-reload

步骤6：重启数据库服务

systemctl start postgresql-12

步骤7：查看变更状态

systemctl status postgresql-12

步骤1：安装postgis的依赖包

rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

步骤2：安装postgis

yum install postgis31_12.x86_64 #这个对版本有一些对应关系注意，这个命令对应的是12.X

步骤3：安装完毕后切换为postgres用户，开启扩展初始化操作

// 开启插件

# su postgres
# psql
// 开启pgsql的插件
postgres=# create extension postgis;
postgres=# create extension postgis_topology;
postgres=# create extension fuzzystrmatch;
postgres=# create extension address_standardizer;
postgres=# create extension address_standardizer_data_us;
postgres=# create extension postgis_tiger_geocoder;
//查看版本，验证安装是否成功
postgres=# SELECT PostGIS_full_version();

步骤4：安装pgRouting

yum install pgrouting_12 #针对12.X版本

步骤5：检查插件是否完成

postgres=# create extension “uuid-ossp”;

ERROR: could not open extension control file “/opt/pgsql12.2/share/extension/uuid-ossp.control”: No such file or directory

步骤1：安装uuid依赖包

[root@Location-01 ~]# yum -y install e2fsprogs-devel uuid uuid-devel libuuid-devel

## 步骤2：执行编译配置

[root@Location-01 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/postgresql-12.2/
[root@Location-01 postgresql-12.2]# pwd
/usr/local/src/postgresql-12.2
[root@Location-01 postgresql-12.2]# https://www.jb51.net/article/configure –prefix=/opt/pgsql12.2 –with-uuid=ossp

步骤3：编译安装uuid-ossp

[root@Location-01 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/postgresql-12.2/contrib/uuid-ossp/
[root@Location-01 uuid-ossp]# pwd
/usr/local/src/postgresql-12.2/contrib/uuid-ossp
[root@Location-01 uuid-ossp]# make && make install

步骤4：检测是否成功

postgres=# create extension “uuid-ossp”;
CREATE EXTENSION

postgres=# select * from pg_available_extensions;
name | default_version | installed_version | comment
————+—————–+——————-+————————————————-
plpgsql | 1.0 | 1.0 | PL/pgSQL procedural language
plperl | 1.0 | | PL/Perl procedural language
plperlu | 1.0 | | PL/PerlU untrusted procedural language
plpython2u | 1.0 | | PL/Python2U untrusted procedural language
plpythonu | 1.0 | | PL/PythonU untrusted procedural language
uuid-ossp | 1.1 | | generate universally unique identifiers (UUIDs)
(6 rows)

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